The idea behind this is that in the N=4 SYM on the boundary at large N, only the single trace operators will really matter.
They will be like Tr(abcdef...) so for example if they were a bunch of those scalars coming from the transverse motion of the D3 branes you would get a SO(6) spin chain. This you can then solve by Bethe Ansatz.
It's all thanks to planarity.
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